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Zoology Second Year B.Sc. (In Force from June-2009)

    Student selecting Zoology as special subject will offer THREE theory Papers viz. Paper-IV and Paper-V and THREE Practical as prescribed for the University Examination. The Course is to be completed by assigning three periods each of Fifty-five minutes duration. For each theory Paper per week, Three periods each Practical per week. For Practical the class may be divided into batches. The number of students in a Practical batch should not exceed FIFTEEN.

Objectives of the proposed New Syllabus in Zoology subject for the Second Year B.Sc.

    The new syllabus in Zoology for the Second B.Sc. Examination, which is being proposed herewith, have been framed with some definite aims and objectives in mind. The considerations which played a major part in redesigning the syllabus are indicated below :

1.    One of the aims has been to meet the growing demands of specialization well as flexibility in the combination of different subject of the science faculty.    
2.    Emerging areas of Biological Service, based on Biodiversity, Taxonomy, Physiology, Molecular Biology, Behavior science etc. have been given due coverage. 

3.    Special emphasis is laid on the needs of the local conditions, the environment and the requirements of society. An effort has been made to link education with fieldwork and productivity.

4.    Applied branches of Biology are intended to give special emphasis on meeting the local requirements, the field work should be planned so as to have direct relevance to the North Gujarat Region.

5.    In the study of animal types, the animals of special interest in North Gujarat are included. For instance, study of the Biodiversity, Taxonomy etc.

6.    The Practical orientation of the syllabus will enable the student to apply the knowledge acquired by him to the study of regional problems for instance, the study of local crops, their susceptibility to the pathogens and preventive measures.

7.    Topics of major importance for society have been given their due place e.g. Neurobiology, Endocrinology, Evolution and Behavior. 

8.    An effort has been made to include topics in Applied Biology, the study of which will help in increasing productivity and in providing employment opportunities including self-employment. Some instances are mentioned below :

       (a)    Study of some topics in physiology, such as Total and Differential W.B.C. Count, Total R.B.C. Count, Determination of Blood  Groups, Estimation of Hemoglobin, Measurement of Blood Pressure, Detection of Blood Sugar Level, Detection of abnormal constituents of Human Urine etc., will enable the student to set up a pathology laboratory.

       (b)    The Practical exercises for submission will include activities like animal collection, preservation, stuffing animals, skeleton preparation; alizarins preparation, preparation of permanent slides, charts, models and of plastic-embedded specimens etc. The skills so acquired will enable a student to start a Biology supply house.

       (c)    Study of Wild life, its conservation and management gives students a scope to get employment as wildlife tourist guide, demographer and also as a Forensic Investigator in wildlife to check illegal trade of endangered.

    In order that teachers should be given an opportunity to familiarize themselves with the basic attitudes orientation implied in the new curricula and to prepare them for effective implementation of these objectives.

    Finally, in view of the present rapid pace of development in Biology, it is recommended that the University shall make it mandatory by rule to review, and necessary, reframe these syllabus every three years.

    There shall be at least one zoological Excursion tour of one week every year. Which is compulsory. The students are expected to submit tour report during their Practical examination duly signed by Head of Department at the end of each year.

    Students have to submit one assignment concerned with modern topics related to syllabus at the end of the duly singed by head of the Department.

Pattern of Examination :

Allotment of periods and weightage of marks given to each unit in each Paper are as follows :

Paper - III CHORDATA; HISTOLOGY And DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

      -  Primary knowledge of Taxa, Category, Rank and Lineus             

        Hierarchy;General characters of chordates

     - Classification of chordates upto orders

        -   ASCIDIA: General morphology; Body wall; Digestive system; Retrogressive metamorphosis               

-          -   SCOLIODON: Digestive system; Arterial system and Reproductive system

-          -   FROG: Skeletal system; Portal system; Urinogenital system and Nervous system

    -   CALOTES: Digestive system; Respiratory system; Arterial system; Venous system  

      -   Introduction of Microtome and Microtomy

     -   Structure of Mammalian tissue: Stomach; Small intestine; Liver; pancreas; Lungs; Kidney; Testis; Ovary  

     -   Identification of Fishes; Amphibians; Poisonous and Non-poisonous snakes; Biting mechanism of Snakes

     -   Migration of Fishes; Accessory respiratory organs in Fishes

     -   Parental care in Fishes and Amphibians

         Types of Egg and cleavage; Fertilization; Blastulation;

         Gastrulation; Three germinal layers; Organogenesis 

Paper - IV BIOCHEMISTRY,PHYSIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY

UNIT-I     BIOMOLECULES

-Macromolecules and Micromolecules:

-Carbohydrates:

        Monosaccharides- Isomerism, Havarth’s and Fisher formula(general formula) and Classification

        Oligosaccharides- Maltose, Lectose, Sucrose, Cellobiose; General structure and their importance

        Polysaccharides- Homopolysaccharides: Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose

        Heteropolysaccharides: Mucopolysaccharides

-Protein:  - Classification of Amino acids by different methods,Peptide formation and protein formation, Jwinter ion of amino acids,

                 Structure of Protein molecule, Secondary bond of protein

-Lipid:          Classification, Fatty acids, Lipid formation, Alcohol

UNIT-II     NUCLEIC ACIDS

        -Organization of DNA; Replication of DNA;Types of RNA, Energy   rich component,Protein synthesis

UNIT-III    PHYSIOLOGY

- Muscle physiology: -Types of Muscles;Ultrastructure of skeletal muscles; physiology of muscle contraction and           

                                 Energy flow during Muscle contraction

- Digestion and  absorption of Food stuffs: Protein, Carbohydrates, Lipids, Nucleic acids

-  Excretion : Structure of Nephron; Urine formation and Urea cycle

 UNIY-IV   PHYSIOLOLGY OF BLOOD AND NERVOUS SYSTEM

Blood:  - Transport of gases

Nervous system: Types of neurons; Conduction of Nerve impulse    through nerve fibers and synapse

UNIT-V     ENDOCRINOLOGY

         -Structure and function of Endocrine glands: Pituitary; Thyroid; Adrenal; Endocrine pancreas

         -Feedback mechanism of Hormones

Paper - V ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY

UNIT-I POULTRY SCIENCE AND DAIRY INDUSTRY

    -    Introduction; Reproductive system of Hen; Formation and structure of   egg; Types of Poultry house; Introduction of Poultry 

         birds; Incubation; hatching and rearing of chick; Types of brooders; Poultry diseases; Poultry product; Primary knowledge of 

         dairy industry

UNIT-II FISHERIES OF GUJARAT

   -    Classification of Fishes; Boats and Nets (Gears); Pomphret fishery; Pearl fishery; Prawn fishery; Preservation of fishes; Fish

        byproducts

UNIT-III ENTOMOLOGY

   -    Types of Pests and its life cycle (in brief); Types of damage and controlling measures of following pests: Locusts; Crop pests;

         Vegetable pests; House hold pests

   -    Apiculture; Sericulture; Lac insects

UNIT-IV PATHOLOGY

   -    Types of parasites and brief life history; Pathogenesity and controlling measure of following:

          Trypanosoma; Tape worm; Ascaris; Filaria worm; Encylostoma

UNIT-V BIOSTATITICS AND ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF MAMMALS

   -    BIOSTATITICS:  Mean; Median; Mode and Standard deviation

Practical - I (Based on Paper - III)

•    Classification of Protochordata to mammals up to orders with reasons:

Protochordata: Ascidia; Salpa; Doliolum; Oikoplura; Amphioxus

Cyclostomata: Lamprey; Myxene

Pisecs: Scoliodon; Hammer headed shark;  Electric ray; Sting ray; Acipenser; Hippocampus; Arius;Salmon; Eel; Hilsa ilisa

Amphibia: Ichthyophis; Toad; Alytes; Hyla;Salamandar

Reptiles: Turtle; Varanus; Draco; Chaemeleon; Snake; Crocodile

Aves: Sparrow; Dove; Duck; Kite; Koel; Owl; Parakeet; Kingfisher;     Hoppoe

Mammals: Platypus; Marsupials; Mangoose; Hedge hog; Bat; Loris; Porcupine; Scally ant eater; Squirrel

•    Study of anatomy of different groups of vertebrates through charts and models(as per theory)

•    Study of mounting and permanent slides:

Scoliodon: scroll valve; placoid scales; ctenoid scales; yolksac placenta

Frog: skeleton system; skin; medulated and non-medulated nerve fibres

Calotes: hyoid apparatus; pecten; columella auris

•    Demonstration of microtome and process of microtomy

•    Study of following mammalian tissue thro’ permanent slides:

           stomach; small intestine; liver; pancreas; lung; kidney; testis; ovary

•    Identification of following vertebrates by using specific key:

           Fishes; Amphibian

•    Identification of poisonous and non-poisonous snakes

•    Study of accessory respiratory organs thro’ specimens

•    Study of types of eggs on the basis of amount and distribution of yolk thro’ models and hen egg.

•    Study of types of cleavage thro’ permanent slides/models

•    Study of blastula and gastrula in amphioxus; frog; and chick thro’ permanent slides.

Practical - II (Based on Paper-IV)

•     Detection of Carbohydrates

            Glucose; Fructose; Maltose; Lactose; Sucrose; Starch

•     Detection of Protein-egg albumin

•     Detection of fat(Oil)

•     Study of chemistry of milk

•     DNA isolation from endosperm of coconut

•     Action of amylase activity on the substrate(starch)

•     Demonstration of simple muscle twitch

•     Detection of normal and abnormal urine thro’ biochemical test

•     Detection of haemoglobin gm/%

•     Study of endocrine gland thro’ permanent slide (as per theory)

Practical - III (Based on Paper - V)

•    Study of reproductive system of Hen thro’ model

•    Study of egg thro’ boil egg

•    Study of poultry house by model/chart

•    Visit to poultry farm and preparation of study report

•    Visit to dairy industry and preparation of study report

•    Types of brooder by models

•    Study of boats and nets thro’ models

•    Study of specimens related to fisheries

•    Study of fish byproducts

•    Visit to fisheries farm/dept./industries within Gujarat and preparation of report

•    Study of common pest and crops related to North Gujarat

•    To study life cycle of economically important insects: Apis, Lac insect; Silk moth

•    Study of permanent slides: 

           Trypanosoma; Tape worm (scolex); Filaria worm; Encylostoma Tape worm (W.M.); Ascaris

•    Preparation of questionary for data collection

•    Exercise for tabulation

•    To prepare graphs

•    Examples based on mean, median, mode

•    Examples based on standard deviation

Latest Updated on 22nd, June, 2009